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Geography of Nigeria- The Ultimate Free Guide 2021

• Nigeria is a country in West Africa.

• Nigeria shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. It also shares a border with the self-declared but internationally unrecognized state of Ambazonia in the southeast.
• Its coast lies on the Gulf of Guinea in the south and it borders Lake Chad to the northeast.
• Nigeria has been home to several indigenous pre-colonial states and kingdoms since the second millennium BC, with the Nok civilization in the 15th century BC marking the first internal unification in the country

Geography of Nigeria

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Administrative Map of Nigeria

Region:

 West Africa

Area:

923,769 km2

Capital:

Abuja

Population:

211,400,708

Bordering Countries:

Nigeria shares land borders with 

• The Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and
• Cameroon in the east, and
• Niger in the north.

Largest City:

Lagos

Geographical Coordinates:

9°4′N 7°29′E

World Region or Continent:

Africa

General Terrain:

The topography of Nigeria consists of plains in the north and south interrupted by plateaus and hills in the center of the country. The Sokoto Plains lie in the northwestern corner of the country, while the Borno Plains in the northeastern corner extend as far as the Lake Chad basin.

Area comparative:

slightly more than twice the size of California

Coastline:

853 km

Climate:

• The tropical monsoon climate, designated by the Köppen climate classification as “Am”, is found in the southern part of the country.
• This climate is influenced by the monsoons originating from the South Atlantic Ocean, which are brought into the country by the MT air mass, a warm moist sea-to-land seasonal wind.
• The southern part of Nigeria experiences heavy and abundant rainfall. These storms are usually convectional in nature because of the region’s proximity to the equatorial belt.
• Rainfall in the coastal belt of the Niger Delta is heavy due to the closeness of the Delta region to the equator. Annual rainfall totals vary from 2,400 to over 4,000 millimeters.

Major cities:

• Lagos
• Ibadan
• Port Harcourt
• Kano
• Benin City
• Jos Plateau, Nigeria
• Ilorin
• Enugu
• Abuja
• Kaduna
• Maiduguri

Major Land forms:

• Jos Plateau
• Niger Riger
• Niger Delta
• Udi Hills
• Lake Chad
• Mandara Mountains
• Mambila Mountains
• Chappal Waddi, which is the highest mountain in Nigeria.
• Benue River
• Sahara Desert

Major Rivers and Lakes:

Major Rivers:

Natural Resources:

• Natural gas,
• Petroleum,
• Tin,
• Columbite,
• Iron ore,
• Coal,
• Limestone,
• Lead,
• Zinc,
• Arable land

Major Geographical Features:

Biomes & Ecosystems:

The four main biomes found within Nigeria are tropical rainforests, swampy mangroves and savannas.

Topography:

• Nigeria’s most expansive topographical region is that of the Niger and Benue River valleys, which merge into each other and form a “y” shaped confluence at Lokoja.
• Plains rise to the north of the valleys. To the southwest of the Niger there is “rugged” highland, and to the southeast of the Benue hills and mountains are found all the way to the border with Cameroon.
• Coastal plains are found in both the southwest and the southeast.
• The Niger Delta is located in the southern part of Nigeria. It is one of the world’s largest arcuate fan-shaped river deltas.
• The riverine area of the Niger Delta is a coastal belt of swamps bordering the Atlantic.

Oceans:

Atlantic Ocean

Islands:

• Victoria Island, Lagos
• Banana Island, Lagos
• Bonny Island
• Ikoyi
• Gberefu Island

Mountain Ranges:

• Mount Dimlang,
• Chappal Waddi,
• Chappal Hendu,
• Kafasiradi Hill,
• Shebo Hill,
• Lugadorena Hill,
• Tchangue,
• Danko Hill,
• Aso Rock,
• Wase Rock

States of Nigeria:

Physical Map of Nigeria

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Nigeria on world Map

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See Also:

World Map

References:

• ontheworldmap
• Wikipedia.com